Detection of anti-Chlamydia trachomatis antibody by means of enzyme immunoassay using synthetic peptide antigen

Abstract

Newly developed diagnostic kits for the detection of Anti-Chlamydia trachomatis, Peptide-Chlamvdia (LOY: Meiji Milk Products Co., Ltd., Tokyo; for IgG and IgA), were evaluated using the microimmunofluorescence assay (MIF) as the gold standard. These results were also compared to results of testing by Sero-IPALISA and immunoblot (I-B). Detection by LOY in based on enzyme immunoassay with synthetic peptides as the antigen. Thirty serum samples from pediatric patients and 130 serum samples from gynecology patients were used. All 26 pediatric samples that were positive for Chlamydia pneumoniae IgG antibody tested negative with LOY, indicating that the presence of the antibody against C. pneumoniae did not affect the assay by LOY. For 90 gynecological samples, the total, the positive and the negative agreement rates for IgG were quite high; i.e. 87.8%, 90.0% and 70.0% (LOY vs MIF), 85.6%, 85.0% and 90.0% (Sero-IPALISA vs MIF), and 92.0%, 94.9% and 70.0% (I-B vs MIF), respectively. On the other hand, many cases of MIF (-) and LOY (+) discrepancy were seen in IgA detection. In order to better understand the basis for such disagreement. 34 serum samples were collected from patients whose cervical samples were negative for the Chlamydia group antigen based on the assay with IDEIA-Chlamydia. They were then assayed by MIF and LOY. The total, the positive and the negative agreement rates for IgG were 91.2%, 100% and 90.9%, while the total and the negative agreement rates for IgA were 88.2% and 88.2% (there were no IgA positive cases). Furthermore, 6 serum samples (1 case of MIF (+) LOY (+) and 5 cases of MIF (-) LOY (+)) were provided to determine whether LOY detects C. trachomatis specific IgA antibody. Increasing amounts of C. trachomatis serovar L2 were added to the serum samples resulting in a progressive decrease in their reactivity in the LOY assay. These results lead us to speculate that LOY can reveal even low levels of C. trachomatis specific IgA antibody. In conclusion, LOY can be used as an useful kit for detecting C. trachomatis antibody.