Abstract
Microbes have many mechanisms of unresponsiveness to antimicrobial agents that may arise in them over months or years. Among them degradation of antibiotics by enzymes is one of the common methods of bacterial resistance particularly in Enterobacteriacea.1,2 At least 400 different types of β-lactamases from clinical isolates have been discovered. Broadly they are of three types: extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBLs), Amp C β-lactamases and carbapenemases. AmpC type beta lactamases are cephalosporinases and hydrolyze penicillins, cephalosporins, except the fourth-generation compounds and monobactams.3,4,5 JMS 2014;17(2):74-75
Highlights
Microbes have many mechanisms of unresponsiveness to antimicrobial agents that may arise in them over months or years
A cephamycin is used as a screening method since cephamycin-resistance is typical to AmpC β-lactamases
Modified Hodge test gives false negative results with AmpC producers that test positive with Tris-EDTAAmpC disc test, because Tris-EDTA makes the bacterial wall permeable leading to release of β-lactamase into the environment.[9]
Summary
Microbes have many mechanisms of unresponsiveness to antimicrobial agents that may arise in them over months or years. 6 At present there is no gold standard to detect the presence of plasmid-mediated AmpC βlactamases. A cephamycin (cefoxitin) is used as a screening method since cephamycin-resistance is typical to AmpC β-lactamases.
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