Detection of Adulteration in Canola Oil by Using GC-IMS and Chemometric Analysis.

Tong Chen,Xinyu Chen,Bin Chen,Daoli Lu

doi:10.1155/2018/3160265

Tong Chen, Xinyu Chen + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3160265

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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to detect adulteration of canola oil with other vegetable oils such as sunflower, soybean, and peanut oils and to build models for predicting the content of adulterant oil in canola oil. In this work, 147 adulterated samples were detected by gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) and chemometric analysis, and two methods of feature extraction, histogram of oriented gradient (HOG) and multiway principal component analysis (MPCA), were combined to pretreat the data set. The results evaluated by canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) algorithm indicated that the HOG-MPCA-CDA model was feasible to discriminate the canola oil adulterated with other oils and to precisely classify different levels of each adulterant oil. Partial least square analysis (PLS) was used to build prediction models for adulterant oil level in canola oil. The model built by PLS was proven to be effective and precise for predicting adulteration with good regression (R2>0.95) and low errors (RMSE ≤ 3.23).

Highlights

Canola oil is a vegetable oil derived from rapeseed which has low erucic acid content [1]
gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS)) spectrum of a sample corresponded to a matrix and could be displayed as a pseudo color image for visualization [31]
Volatile organic compounds from samples adulterated with soybean oil appeared only in a short retention time, and the gas molecule materials could not be well separated, which may be caused by higher initial carrier gas flow-rate

Summary

Introduction

Canola oil is a vegetable oil derived from rapeseed which has low erucic acid content [1]. In the 1980s, in order to decrease the health concerns about erucic acid, rapeseed varieties free from erucic acid were developed by using selective breeding [2, 3]. Since canola oil has its specific function to human body, it has become one of the most susceptible food materials adulterated with other vegetable oils of lower quality, which is a serious threat to the health of consumers. It requires reliable tools and methods for analyzing the purity of edible vegetable oil

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