Detection of acute ischemia from the EASI-derived 12-lead electrocardiogram and from the 12-lead electrocardiogram acquired in clinical practice

Abstract

ST-segment measurements in the standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) of patients with acute coronary syndromes are crucial for these patients' management. Our objective was to determine whether the 12-lead ECG derived from the 3-lead EASI system can attain a level of diagnostic performance similar to that of the Mason-Likar (ML) 12-lead ECG acquired in clinical practice (CP) by paramedics and emergency department technicians. Using 120-lead body surface potential maps recorded before and during balloon inflation angioplasty from 88 patients (divided into “responders” and “nonresponders”), and electrode placement data from 60 applications of precordial leads in CP, we generated for the “nonischemic” and “ischemic” states of each patient the following lead sets: the ML 12-lead ECG, the EASI-derived 12-lead ECG, and 60 sets of 12-lead CP ECGs. We extracted ST deviations at J + 60 milliseconds, summed them for all 12 leads of each lead set to obtain ΣST, and, by using the bootstrap method, determined the mean sensitivity and specificity for recognizing the “ischemic” state at various thresholds of ΣST. Results were displayed as receiver operating characteristics, and the area under these curves (AUC) ± SE was used as the measure of diagnostic performance. AUC ± SE for all patients were ML ECG, 0.66 ± 0.03; EASI ECG, 0.64 ± 0.03; and CP ECG, 0.67 ± 0.03. Corresponding results for responders only were 0.81 ± 0.04 for ML ECG, 0.78 ± 0.04 for EASI ECG, and 0.81 ± 0.04 for CP ECG. The differences between the AUCs for the different lead sets were not significant ( P > .05). Thus, the EASI-derived 12-lead ECG is as good for detecting acute ischemia as is the 12-lead ECG acquired in CP.