Detection of abnormalities in lumbar discs from clinical lumbar MRI with hybrid models

Abstract

Disc abnormalities cause a great number of complaints including lower back pain. Lower back pain is one of the most common types of pain in the world. The computer-assisted detection of this ailment will be of great use to physicians and specialists. With this study, hybrid models have been developed which include feature extraction, selection and classification characteristics for the purpose of determining the disc abnormalities in the lumbar region. In determining the abnormalities, T2-weighted sagittal and axial Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) were taken from 55 people. In the feature extraction stage, 27 appearance characteristics and form characteristics were acquired from both sagittal and transverse images. In the feature selection stage, the F-Score-Based Feature Selection (FSFS) and the Correlation-Based Feature Selection (CBFS) methods were used to select the best discriminative features. The number of features was reduced to 5 from 27 by using the FSFS, and to 22 from 27 by using the CBFS. In the last stage, five different classification algorithms, i.e. the Multi-Layer Perceptron, the Support Vector Machine, the Decision Tree, the Naïve Bayes, and the k Nearest Neighbor algorithms were applied. In addition, the combination of the classifier model (the combination of the bagging and the random forests) has been used to improve the classification performance in the detection of lumbar disc datasets. The results which were obtained suggest that the proposed hybrid models can be used safely in detecting the disc abnormalities.