DETECTION, DIAGNOSIS AND ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY OF BACTERIA IMPLICATED IN GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS

Abstract

From November 2006 to November 2007, a number of 69 stool specimens were collected from patients suffering from gastrointestinal disorders, after being subjected to endoscopic investigation 9 cases (13%) were free, while endoscopic findings were found in 60 cases (87%). It includes: gastric ulcer in 8 cases (11.6%), duodenal ulcer in 8 cases (11.6%), duodenitis in 12 cases (17.4%), gastritis in 10 cases (14.5%), duodenitis with gastritis in 11 cases (15.9%), colitis in 7 cases (10.1%), and bacillary dysentery in 4 cases (5.8%). The stool samples were inoculated immediately in selenite broth for 24 h at 37 C and recultured on choclate agar media in microaerophilic conditions (5% O2, 10% CO2, 85% N2 and 99% relative humidity). Five bacterial species viz: Helicobacter pylori, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysentariae and Yersinia enterocolitica were isolated with frequencies of 43.5%, 27.5%, 18.8%, 7.2% and 2.9%, respectively. H. pylori bacteria was isolated from 62.5 % of duodenal ulcer cases, 58.3% of duodenitis cases, 50% of gastritis cases, 45.4 % of duodenitis plus gastritis cases and 71.4% of colitis cases, Salmonella was isolated from 75% of bacillary desentery cases, whereas E. coli was isolated from 100% of normal cases. The present results clearly established the fact that H. pylori is the main etiologic agent of gastrointestinal disorders in man (duodenal ulcer & duodenitis & gastritis and colitis), while Shigella and Salmonella seemed to be responsible for bacillary dysentery. These observation demonstrated that there was a relation between bacteria isolated and endoscopic diagnosis of patients. Antibiogram test was performed to all bacteria isolated using 14 different antibacterial agents, namely Sulfonamides, Ofloxacin, Cefuroxime sodium, Nalidixic acid, Meropenem, Fortum, Imipenem, Gentamicin, Nitrofurantoin, Augmentin, Cefotaxime sodium, Ciprfloxacin, Levofloxacin and Flumox, this studies show that H. pylori was sensitive to Ofloxacin and Nitrofurantoin, Salmonella was sensitive to Nitrofurantoin and Ciprfloxacin, Shigella was sensitive to Gentamicin and Ciprfloxacin, Yersinia was sensitive to Nitrofurantoin and Imipenem and E. coli was sensitive to Ciprfloxacin and Ofloxacin. β-lactamase test was performed to isolates of H. pylori. The present results further indicated that isolates of H. pylori display positive β-lactamase test; a phenomenon that present a plausible explanation for their resistance to penicillin. Plasmid minipreb was performed to isolates of H. pylori, the results indicated that this bacterium contain or host a plasmid with molecular wt=2.5 kb, this lend a support of its resistant to the antibiotics.