Detection by allozyme electrophoresis of cryptic species of Hypodontus macropi (Nematoda: Strongyloidea) from macropodid marsupials

Abstract

Allozyme electrophoresis of 98 Hypodontus macropi from eight different species of hosts using 24 enzymes revealed a complex of at least six sibling species, with 15–50% fixed genetic differences between taxa. Except for the taxon parasitizing Macropus rufus/M. robustus, pairs of parasite taxa were, in each case, sympatric at each locality examined, thus supporting the conclusion that they represent valid species. The existence of a series of host-specific nematode taxa explains many of the inconsistencies noted previously in the host distribution of H. macropi. Comparison of parasite allozyme phenograms with host phylogeny suggests that four of the speciation events could be attributable to cospeciation and two to host switching. A clear case of host switching between M. rufus/M. robustus and M. fuliginosus was found.