Abstract
BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) could contribute significantly to HCC development through diverse mechanisms, such as the recruitment of many regulatory protein complexes. This study aimed to evaluate the expression levels of the lncRNAs HOST2, HOTAIR, HOXA-AS2, and MALAT1 in liver cirrhosis and HCC and also assess their diagnostic performance as biomarkers for HCC. MethodsIn total, 180 participants were in this study, classified into three groups (60 participants in each): Group I (hepatocellular carcinoma patients), Group II (liver cirrhosis patients), and Group III (apparently healthy individuals). The expressions of the HOST2, HOTAIR, HOXA-AS2, and MALAT1 lncRNAs were detected using a reverse-transcriptase real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). ResultsThe expression levels of HOST2, HOTAIR, HOXA-AS2, and MALAT1 lncRNAs were markedly increased in the HCC patients compared with those in the cirrhotic patients and controls. They also exhibited greater sensitivity as diagnostic biomarkers than alpha-fetoprotein. ConclusionsThe HOTAIR, HOST2, HOXA-AS2, and MALAT1 lncRNAs exhibit promising potential as valuable diagnostic biomarkers of HCC and in differentiating HCC from liver cirrhosis. Furthermore, combining alpha-fetoprotein can yield higher accuracy.
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