Abstract
Digital intercept receivers are currently moving away from Fourier-based analysis and towards classical time-frequency analysis techniques, such as the Wigner-Ville distribution, Choi-Williams distribution, spectrogram, and scalogram, for the purpose of analyzing low probability of intercept radar signals (e.g. triangular modulated frequency modulated continuous wave and frequency shift keying). Although these classical time-frequency techniques are an improvement over the Fourier-based analysis, they still suffer from a lack of readability, due to cross-term interference, and a mediocre performance in low SNR environments. This lack of readability may lead to inaccurate detection and parameter extraction of these radar signals. In this paper, the use of the Hough transform, because of its ability to suppresscross-term interference, separate signals from cross-terms, and perform well in the presence of noise, is proposed as an improved signal analysis technique. With these qualities, the Hough transform has the potential to produce better readability and consequently, more accurate signal detection and parameter extraction metrics.
Highlights
In order to perform their functions properly, many of today’s radar systems must be able to ‘see without being seen’ [PAC09], [WIL06]
The readability issue can be alleviated if a single-component signal is used, which would eliminate the cross-term interference, but which is unrealistic for low probability of intercept (LPI) radar signals
It was noted that digital intercept receivers are currently moving away from Fourier-based analysis and towards classical time-frequency analysis techniques, such as the Wigner-Ville distribution, Choi-Williams distribution, spectrogram, and scalogram, for the purpose of analyzing low probability of intercept radar signals
Summary
In order to perform their functions properly, many of today’s radar systems must be able to ‘see without being seen’ [PAC09], [WIL06]. This necessitates that they be low probability of intercept (LPI) radars. Fourier analysis techniques using the FFT have been employed as a tool of the digital intercept receiver for detecting and extracting parameters of LPI radar signals [PAC09]. When a practical non-stationary signal (such as an LPI radar signal) is processed, the Fourier transform cannot efficiently analyze and process the time-varying characteristics of the signal’s frequency spectrum, because time and frequency information cannot be combined to tell how the frequency content is changing in time [XIE08], [STE96]. The non-stationary nature of the received radar signal mandates the use of some form of time-frequency analysis for signal detection and parameter extraction [MIL02]
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