Detection and management of concomitant coronary artery disease in patients undergoing thoracic aortic surgery.

Abstract

No method has been established to detect and manage coronary artery disease in patients undergoing thoracic aortic surgery. Subjects were 192 patients scheduled for elective thoracic aortic surgery. Selection criteria for coronary angiography included a history of coronary artery disease or a positive dipyridamole myocardial perfusion imaging test. Four patients were inoperable due to complications associated with coronary angiography or aneurysm rupture following coronary revascularization. A total of 55 patients with coronary angiography (group A) underwent 57 thoracic aortic operations and 133 patients without coronary angiography (group B) underwent 143 similar operations. Of 13 group A patients with significant coronary stenosis, 9 underwent either preoperative percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (n = 3) or concomitant coronary artery bypass (n = 6). Perioperative myocardial infarction occurred in 3 group A patients (5%) and in 4 group B patients (1%, ns). The incidence of cardiac events--perioperative myocardial infarction or cardiac death--in group A (11%, 6/57) was higher than that in group B (3%, 4/143; p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated incomplete revascularization of major coronary arteries with significant stenosis as a risk factor for cardiac events (p = 0.0106). Although dipyridamole myocardial perfusion imaging was useful, additional selection criteria for coronary angiography is needed. Complete revascularization of major coronary arteries with significant stenosis is essential to reduce postoperative cardiac events.