Detection and Management Approaches for Bakanae (Foot Rot) Disease in Rice

Abstract

Bakanae (foot rot) disease is an important disease of rice caused by the fungus Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon. It is a cosmopolitan disease distributed in all the rice-growing areas of the world. The typical symptoms of this disease are yellowish-green thin leaves, abnormal stem elongation, and rooting of root stem joint as well as also from stem node. The yield loss by this disease is ranging from 3.0–95.4% and the incidence of this disease varies with regions and cultivars grown. Different practices were applied for the management of this disease and to reduce the losses. It has been reported that genotypes viz., MAUB 2009-1, PAU 3456-46-6-1-1, HKR 96-561, HKR 96-565, HKR 07-40, HKR 08-13, HKR 08-21, HKR 08-22 and PNR 600 are highly resistant against this disease. Some practices such as late transplanting (July, 15) of rice seedling have produces lowest symptoms of foot rot disease. Bakanae disease reduced drastically when paddy nursery was uprooted in standing water as compared to uprooting of nursery in moist condition. Application of T. viride at 5 g/kg seed reduced 60% disease in Pusa Basmati-1121. Seed soaking in carbendazim (Bavistin) solution at 1 and 2 g/kg seed help in disease suppressed considerably. Seedling dip in 0.1% carbendazim solution for 6 hours before transplanting 96reduced the bakanae incidence in transplanted crop. Foliar application of carbendazim at flowering stage also reduced the grain infection.