Abstract
In an emergency, an urgent blood transfusion from a person to the patient is required and blood group identification is the first process to do so. In addition, a hemoglobin test is often required to make decisions about blood transfusion as well as to check anemia. Hemoglobin testing is also required for complete blood count and monitoring a number of diseases. These blood tests are almost difficult in rural areas where lab facilities are not sufficient. Researchers proposed a number of methods to identify blood groups using computer vision techniques. However, no study was conducted to identify blood group and hemoglobin level in a work using image processing techniques and an android mobile application which shows high detection accuracy. In this paper, manual clinical experiments have been replaced by an android app using image processing techniques to detect blood groups and hemoglobin levels except users require using antigen before taking samples. The proposed technique is divided into two portions. The first portion is blood group detection, which is done by taking a blood sample and performing the grayscale conversion, binary conversion, segmentation, edge detection, and computation to make the decision. The second section describes how to determine hemoglobin levels by comparing a blood sample image to a hemoglobin color scale (HCS). Here, the Hemoglobin value is determined from their RGB values. It has been discovered that the proposed approaches are capable of detecting hemoglobin levels and blood groups in a cost-effective and error-free manner. As a result, the tests can be conducted in a remote area without adequate lab facilities and the proposed work can solve major steps in blood transfusion difficulties and anemia.
Highlights
Blood is a composition of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets in liquid plasma
If the Euclidean distance of two hemoglobin color scale (HCS) colors’ is equal, another situation could occur, i.e. if the RGB of a blood sample falls between two Hemoglobin values like and 12, or 8 and 10, the average value will have considered i.e. or 9 respectively
In this research work, the proposed techniques are utilized for the image sets that are collected from blood samples and processed by efficient image processing methods and algorithms
Summary
Blood is a composition of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets in liquid plasma. Blood groups are identified by antibodies and antigens present in plasma. There are four blood groups i.e. A, B, AB, and O (NHS, 2020). If the blood is agglutinated by the presence of Rh-D antigen, the group of the blood is positive, otherwise negative (K et al, 2016; Dong et al, 2017). This blood groups identification is often required in case of blood transfusion. The identification of the blood group is not enough at all. A hemoglobin test helps to decide blood transfusion. A lack of hemoglobin leads to Anemia. Anemia is a type of disease in which a person lacks enough red blood
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