Abstract
Goal-directed whole-body movements are fundamental in our daily life, sports, music, art, and other activities. Goal-directed movements have been intensively investigated by focusing on simplified movements (e.g., arm-reaching movements or eye movements); however, the nature of goal-directed whole-body movements has not been sufficiently investigated because of the high-dimensional nonlinear dynamics and redundancy inherent in whole-body motion. One open question is how to overcome high-dimensional nonlinear dynamics and redundancy to achieve the desired performance. It is possible to approach the question by quantifying how the motions of each body part at each time point contribute to movement performance. Nevertheless, it is difficult to identify an explicit relation between each motion element (the motion of each body part at each time point) and performance as a result of the high-dimensional nonlinear dynamics and redundancy inherent in whole-body motion. The current study proposes a data-driven approach to quantify the relevance of each motion element to the performance. The current findings indicate that linear regression may be used to quantify this relevance without considering the high-dimensional nonlinear dynamics of whole-body motion.
Highlights
Sophisticated pitchers can throw a ball toward a desired location
High-dimensional nonlinear dynamics are associated with these movements because a substantial number of body parts participate in whole-body motion, which causes the dynamics of whole-body motion to be nonlinear and high-dimensional[10]
We propose a linear regression method that may be used to detect the relevance of motion elements to performance in goal-directed whole-body movements
Summary
Sophisticated pitchers can throw a ball toward a desired location. We can grasp a cup in a cupboard while standing in our daily life. Is as relevant as a motion that occurs 20 msec before the ball is released If these points were clarified, it would be possible to quantitatively analyze how we control each body part to overcome high-dimensional dynamics and redundancy, deepen our understanding of the nature of goal-directed movements, and clarify how we should modify our movements to achieve desired whole-body movements, thereby enabling the design of efficient training methods. It would indicate how we should focus on the motions of opponents to predict their movement results, which may improve performance in interpersonal competition. It remains unclear how to quantify the relevance of motion elements to performance in goal-directed whole-body movements in a manner that overcomes the high-dimensional nonlinear dynamics and redundancy of our body dynamics
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