Detecting Fingerprints of Waterborne Bacteria on a Sensor

Saylan Saylan,Denizli Denizli,Cihangir Cihangir,Erdem Erdem

doi:10.3390/chemosensors7030033

Abstract

Human fecal contamination is a crucial threat that results in difficulties in access to clean water. Enterococcus faecalis is a bacteria which is utilized as an indicator in polluted water. Nevertheless, existing strategies face several challenges, including low affinity and the need for labelling, which limit their access to large scale applications. Herein, a label-free fingerprint of the surface proteins of waterborne bacteria on a sensor was demonstrated for real-time bacteria detection from aqueous and water samples. The kinetic performance of the sensor was evaluated and shown to have a range of detection that spanned five orders of magnitude, having a low detection limit (3.4 × 104 cfu/mL) and a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.9957). The sensor also designated a high selectivity while other competitor bacteria were employed. The capability for multiple usage and long shelf-life are superior to other modalities. This is an impressive surface modification method that uses the target itself as a recognition element, ensuring a broad range of variability to replicate others with different structure, size and physical and chemical properties.

Highlights

Microorganisms can be found and survive in various sources including food, water, soil and bodies of human or animals [1]
Characterization experiments were performed for surface proteins, nanoparticles and sensor
The molecular weight of the enterococcal surface protein is reported as 200 kDa and the aggregation factor is 137 kDa [32]

Summary

Introduction

Microorganisms can be found and survive in various sources including food, water, soil and bodies of human or animals [1]. Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is an indicator of bacteria for fecal pollution in water [4]. Many virulence factors, such as aggregation substance (Agg), enterococcal surface protein (Esp) and capsule formation, are involved in biofilm formation in bacterial adherence to host cells in abiotic surfaces in different environments [5,6]. The traditional culture methods are cumbrous and laborious, trustworthy [13]. In this case, thanks to many advantages, sensors are one of the good alternatives. A variety of sensors for the detection of several molecules have been demonstrated [15,16,17,18,19,20]

Methods

Results

Conclusion