Detecting Cardio-Vascular Acoustics in an Incipient Turbulence

Abstract

Cardiovascular flow maintains the integrity of animated life, especially of humans. This flow goes fuzzy in the event of turbulence. In pathological states, vascular stenosis is usually the culprit in turbulence. Whether turbulence ensues from a physiological state or else, there must be a concomitant sound that is at variance with the normative flow acoustics. This sound emanates from a source point which is more or less within the inception of stenosis. This paper aims to identify the vascular sound field that emanates from a source point, maybe, due to stenosis. As a prelude, it furnished the windowed equations of motion for a fluid (blood) occupying a vascular region to derive the fluid density form of the acoustic analogy. However, the parameter of higher interest in vascular acoustics is turbulent pressure. So, it was well considered, and its relationship with acceleration at the monitor points on the aortic surface was supplied. An aspect of this work is the analysis of heart murmur. The heart was presumed here to admit Kelvin-Voigt’s viscoelastic model and, therefore, the equations governing the model hold well in the present case. Details here suggest that the hemodynamic pressure fluctuation on the aortic lumen boundary and the concomitant turbulent flow precipitates aortic stenosis murmur.