Abstract
Pirarucu (Arapaima gigas)is one of the most important fish in Amazonian fish farming. However, information about its nutritional, zootechnical and microbiological aspects is still scarce. This is especially true for the juvenile phase due to high mortality rates caused by malnutrition, difficulties in food training, endo and ectoparasite infestations, which in turn lead to immunosuppression, favoring secondary bacterial infections that may be present due to various environmental factors(e.g., sudden temperature variations, water acidity and pollution of the aquatic environment) and thestatus of fish. The Pseudomonas sp. species studied in this work is part of the aquatic ecosystem and is considered a contaminant or invader because it infects a wide variety of aquatic species, including pirarucu. Given this assumption, the objective of the study was to report a case of Pseudomonas sp.in the viscera and dorsum of a juvenile pirarucuArapaima gigas(SCHINZ, 1822) detected through bacteriological analysis. In the fish production chainin the Western Amazon, pirarucu is one of the most prominent fish species because of its high zootechnical performance in terms of weight gain and commercial value. However, one of the biggest obstacles in its production chain occurs during the juvenile phase, with high mortality rates caused by mainly bacterial infections, leading to economic losses in fish farming. In this study, Pseudomonas sp. was detected in a sample of dorsum and viscera of a pirarucu fish from a fish farm in the municipality of OuroPreto do Oeste, Rondônia, Brazil.
Highlights
Fish farming is a common practice throughout Brazil, mostly consisting of semi-intensive farming systems, including native species such as pirarucu Arapaima gigas (SCHINZ, 1822) in the Amazon
Fish experience high mortality rates, are more susceptible to malnutrition due to the lack of live food, have difficulties in food training, and can become infested with endo and ectoparasites; all of which can lead to immunosuppression and favor secondary bacterial infections (SUHET et al 2011; MEANTE; DÓRIA, 2017)
This study aimed to report Pseudomonas sp. in viscera and dorsum of a juvenile pirarucu Arapaima gigas (SCHINZ, 1822), verified through microbiological analysis
Summary
Fish farming is a common practice throughout Brazil, mostly consisting of semi-intensive farming systems, including native species such as pirarucu Arapaima gigas (SCHINZ, 1822) in the Amazon. In Rondonia, the native fish species with the greatest commercial value are tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), spotted sorubim (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans) and pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) MEANTE; DÓRIA, 2017). The latter is one of the largest freshwater fish species in the world, as it can reach up to 200 kg, presents carnivorous feeding habits and mandatory aerial breathing, and stands out for its rapid growth and commercial value (SILVA; DUNCAN, 2016). Fish experience high mortality rates, are more susceptible to malnutrition due to the lack of live food, have difficulties in food training, and can become infested with endo and ectoparasites; all of which can lead to immunosuppression and favor secondary bacterial infections (SUHET et al 2011; MEANTE; DÓRIA, 2017)
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