Detailed physicochemical study and thermodynamic aspects of the interaction between nonionic cellulose derivative hydroxyethyl cellulose and anionic surfactant sodium N-dodecanoyl sarcosinate in aqueous media

Abstract

BackgroundThe scheme of this work was to study the interaction between hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), a non-ionic, water soluble biopolymer and sodium N-dodecanoyl sarcosinate (SDDS), a novel, environmentally friendly amino acid-based anionic surfactant in aqueous medium. The study of this type of interaction is relatively less complicated compared to that between a polymer and a surfactant with opposite charges. MethodsThe critical micelle concentration (CMC) of HEC-induced SDDS has been determined by various physicochemical methods such as tensiometry, conductometry, fluorimetry and microcalorimetry. Several thermodynamic and surface parameters related to the binding of SDDS with HEC have been assessed. The aggregation number (Nagg) of SDDS micelles in the presence of non-ionic HEC polymer has been measured by the steady-state fluorescence method. The hydrodynamic diameter (Dh) and zeta potential (ζ) of the polymer-surfactant aggregate have been measured by the dynamic light scattering method. The interaction study has further been amplified by detecting the change in the surface morphology of the polymer due to surfactant binding using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) imaging in solvent-free state, as well as visualization of the HEC-SDDS micelle in the solution phase using fluorescence microscopy technique. Significant findingsFrom a physicochemical point of view, hydrophobic synergism seems to be important for understanding the interaction pattern of HEC-SDDS combination. In each scenario, the CMC of SDDS decreases with an increase in weight percentage of HEC. The aggregation number (Nagg) of SDDS micelles is also found to decrease with an increase in weight percentage of HEC in the medium. The hydrodynamic diameter (Dh) and zeta potential (ζ) of the polymer-surfactant aggregate, these two parameters have been found to be strongly dependent on the amphiphile concentration. Finally, investigations of the surface morphologies by taking Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and fluorescence microscopy techniques assist the experimental data.