Abstract
The desulphurisation of biogas for hydrogen sulphide (H2S) removal constitutes a significant challenge in the area of biogas research. This is because the retention of H2S in biogas presents negative consequences on human health and equipment durability. The negative impacts are reflective of the potentially fatal and corrosive consequences reported when biogas containing H2S is inhaled and employed as a boiler biofuel, respectively. Recognising the importance of producing H2S-free biogas, this paper explores the current state of research in the area of desulphurisation of biogas. In the present paper, physical–chemical, biological, in-situ, and post-biogas desulphurisation strategies were extensively reviewed as the basis for providing a qualitative comparison of the strategies. Additionally, a review of the costing data combined with an analysis of the inherent data uncertainties due underlying estimation assumptions have also been undertaken to provide a basis for quantitative comparison of the desulphurisation strategies. It is anticipated that the combination of the qualitative and quantitative comparison approaches employed in assessing the desulphurisation strategies reviewed in the present paper will aid in future decisions involving the selection of the preferred biogas desulphurisation strategy to satisfy specific economic and performance-related targets.
Highlights
IntroductionHydrogen Sulphide (H2S) Formation During Anaerobic Digestion and Its Effect on Biogas Utilisation
Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S) Formation During Anaerobic Digestion and Its Effect on Biogas UtilisationBioenergy recovery from biomass resources may be achieved via the employment of several biomass conversion pathways [1,2]
These pathways lead to the conversion of sulphur containing compounds (SCC) either to soluble sulphides (HS−), which is a precursor to H2S formation, or the consumption of SCC for biosynthesis of amino acids, considered fundamental for intracellular adenosine-5-phosphosulphate activation within the microbes [9,10]
Summary
Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S) Formation During Anaerobic Digestion and Its Effect on Biogas Utilisation. A review of literatures, highlights an upsurge in the application of anaerobic digestion (AD) technologies in recent times [3,4] This observation may be reflective of the strategic preference of this conversion pathway due to its capability to facilitate a simultaneous management of high moisture organic waste streams while generating bioenergy in the form of biogas at a reduced cost [2,5]. The H2S product may be formed during the anaerobic digestion process via macromolecules undergoing transformations either via an assimilatory pathway or a dissimilatory pathway [9] These pathways lead to the conversion of sulphur containing compounds (SCC) either to soluble sulphides (HS−), which is a precursor to H2S formation, or the consumption of SCC for biosynthesis of amino acids (cysteine and methionine), considered fundamental for intracellular adenosine-5-phosphosulphate activation within the microbes [9,10]. Tthecehinmoploogrtiaesn.cTehoef itmhips orertvainewce iosfrtehinisforercveidewbyistrheeinafbosrecnecdeboyf pthuebalibcsaetinocnesotfhpatupbrliocvaitdioenasntheaxthpaurosvtiivdee raenvieewxhoafuasltlivmearjoevr iteewchnoof laolgliemsainjotregtreacthendowloigthiessiminpteligfireadteqduwanitthitastiimvepelicfoiendomquicacnotnitsaitdiveeraeticoonnso. mic considerations
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