Abstract
This study aimed to report a case of destructive multicystic ameloblastoma and its treatment. A 23-year-old woman presented to the surgery department with an asymptomatic swelling in the mandible, with an 8-month evolution. A computed tomography exam revealed a hypodense multicystic destructive lesion in the right jaw body, with a bone plate rupture. A microscopic examination revealed an odontogenic tumor characterized by the proliferation of odontogenic epithelial cells, organized in cystic spaces, with peripheral cells exhibiting inverted polarization and hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in a palisade, resembling ameloblasts. The central cells were loosely connected, resembling the stellate reticulum of the enamel organ. These findings yielded a histopathological diagnosis of ameloblastoma. The treatment consisted of partial resection of the right mandible with a total removal of the lesion, followed by reconstruction with the iliac bone. Ameloblastoma, although a benign neoplasm, can be highly destructive and requires a correct diagnosis for appropriate management.
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