Abstract
Oily wastewater generated by steel and metal-finishing industries form emulsions which typically contain 100 to 30 000 ppm of emulsified oil. Data on the breaking of O/W emulsions of commercial soluble oils using CaCl 2 and AlCl 3 as coagulants are reported. Demulsification rates were studied in a temperature range of 20 to 80°C and electrolyte concentrations of 5 to 40 g l −1. The emulsion breaking efficiency study was followed by turbidity measurements. The process is controlled by droplet–droplet collisions. Droplet size distribution was measured by photon correlation spectroscopy and the effect of CaCl 2 on the droplet size distributions is reported. The size increase of the droplets after the addition of the electrolyte indicates that the coalescence in an aggregate occurs instantaneously; therefore, the process could be described by the Smoluchosky's model of fast flocculation. The effect of electrolyte concentration and ionic charge on the zeta potential of soluble oils is also reported. The system shows good agreement with the electric double layer theory and the Schulze–Hardy rule.
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