Abstract

A noteworthy aspect of cults originating from the Roman Near East was the link that worshippers sometimes drew between a divinity and an ethnic, regional, or provincial label. The contexts for the phenomenon were both diverse and rare. If Atargatis became widely known as the “Syrian goddess,” similar formulations for other gods are more sporadic. They also reflect forms of ethnic categorization, social differentiation, and hierarchical cultural appropriation shaped by the Roman imperial context. With these issues in mind, this paper examines the relationships between worshippers and the so-called Syrian goddess, Commagenian god, Arabian god, and Maurian gods.

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