Abstract
The present study determined the physico-chemical parameters of the exotic fruit jujube (Ziziphus jujube mill) of Bulgarian origin – pH of 4.62, refractometric dry matter of 31.6 %, dry matter (in weight) of 36.78 %, TTA (total titratable acidity) – citric acid – of 0.67 %, 0.70 % malic acid, 65.95 % moisture, 0.78 % fibre, 1.41 % protein, 23.65 % carbohydrate, 0.24 % fat and energy value of 428.44 kJ/102.4 kcal. Equilibrium moisture content and monolayer moisture content were established for desorption concerning eight water activities in the 0.1 0.9 range and the temperatures of 10 °С, 25 °С and 40 °С. The coefficients of the modified Oswin, Chung-Pfost, Halsey and Henderson models were obtained statistically. The modified Halsey model is recommended as a description of the desorption isotherms of jujube (Ziziphus jujube mill) since it corresponds to the criteria for model assessment and suitability. Via BET model linearization, the values of the monolayer moisture content for desorption at the temperatures of 10 °С 5.41 % d.b., 25 °С – 4.65 % d.b. and 40 °С 5.08 % d.b were determined.
Highlights
Contemporary medicinal practices apply various methods and techniques whose efficiency was recognized and tested in China and other Asian countries thousands of years ago
The analysis shows that the plant is rich in dry matter, which accounts for the bready consistency of the pulp [6]
The differences in the data found in scientific literature are due to the different origin of jujube having to do with different territorial, climatic and soil characteristics
Summary
Contemporary medicinal practices apply various methods and techniques whose efficiency was recognized and tested in China and other Asian countries thousands of years ago. According to Jinous Asgarpanah and Elaheh Haghighat, among the first five healthiest medicinal plants in the world we find the jujube (Chinese date) which is less common in Bulgaria the Chinese started growing and using the plant more than 6000 years ago. Jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Mill) is among the four staple agricultural species in China where it is grown on two-million-decare areas. In these areas, there is extremely low incidence of diseases and a specific resistance to the development of respiratory tract illnesses. There is extremely low incidence of diseases and a specific resistance to the development of respiratory tract illnesses This may be the reason why the local population refers to the fruit of the jujube plant as “chest fruit”. Selective breeding has led to the growth of bigger jujube plants whose sugar content can be three times as high as that of the ordinary jujube
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