Desmutagenic effect of α-dicarbonyl and α-hydroxycarbonyl compounds against mutagenic heterocyclic amines

Abstract

The desmutagenic effects of α-hydroxycarbonyl compounds, such as glyceraldehyde, glycolaldehyde, dihydroxyacetone, furtural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, maltol, acetol and acetoin and α-dicarbonyl compounds, such as diacetyl, glyoxal, methyl glyoxal and 2,3-pentanedione were investigated against the mutagenic heterocyclic amines, such as Trp-P-1, Trp-P-2, Glu-P-2 and IQ. Most of the carbonyl compounds suppressed the mutagenicity of heterocyclic amines for S. typhimurium TA98, α-dicarbonyl compounds showing a higher desmutagenic effect than α-hydroxycarbonyl compounds. Among the α-hydroxycarbonyl compounds, glyceraldehyde, glycolaldehyde and dihydroxyacetone showed more effective desmutagenicity, and diacetyl among the α-dicarbonyl compounds had the highest desmutagenic effect. These carbonyl compounds alone also showed mutagenecity to S. typhimurium TA100 without S9 mix. The reaction of carbonyl compounds with mutagenic heterocyclic amines also eliminated the mutagenicity of the former for S. typhimurium TA100.