Abstract
Constant-modulus sequence set with low peak side-lobe level is a necessity for enhancing the performance of modern active sensing systems like Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) RADARs. In this paper, we consider the problem of designing a constant-modulus sequence set by minimizing the peak side-lobe level, which can be cast as a non-convex minimax problem, and propose a Majorization-Minimization technique based iterative monotonic algorithm named as the PSL minimizer. The iterative steps of our algorithm are computationally not very demanding and they can be efficiently implemented via Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) operations. We also establish the convergence of our proposed algorithm and discuss the computational and space complexities of the algorithm. Finally, through numerical simulations, we illustrate the performance of our method with the state-of-the-art methods. To highlight the potential of our approach, we evaluate the performance of the sequence set designed via our approach in the context of probing sequence set design for MIMO RADAR angle-range imaging application and show results exhibiting good performance of our method when compared with other commonly used sequence set design approaches.
Highlights
AND LITERATURE REVIEWIn recent years, Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) RADAR has become a trending technology and plays a key role in modern warfare systems
In any practical RADAR system, there are many challenges like limited energy budget, high cost of the practical hardware components, and the necessity to work on the linear range of power amplifiers, which force one to consider using either unimodular low Peak to the Average Power Ratio (PAPR) constrained probing set of sequences [10], [11]
Besides MIMO RADAR, some notable applications where constant-modulus sequence set with better correlation side-lobe levels play a prominent role are wireless communication systems [9], [10], MIMO SONAR [12]– [15], Cryptography [9], channel estimation [11], [16], CDMA and spread spectrum applications [17]–[20]
Summary
Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) RADAR has become a trending technology and plays a key role in modern warfare systems. In [33], [34], the authors have proposed an optimization technique that minimizes the original ISL metric and the resultant algorithm was capable of designing large length sequence sets with better correlation side-lobe levels than the one generated via the Multi-CAN approach. Without getting into details of the MDA algorithm (we refer the interested reader to [49]), the iterative steps of MDA for the problem in (41) can be given as: Step-1: Get subgradient of the objective g(q), which is equal to 4D T zm + p, where zm denote a sequence like variables (similar to s) whose elements will have unit modulus.
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