Abstract
The paper deals with a shape optimisation procedure of steel, compressed bars. Circular hollow sections (CHS) of variable cross sections and variable wall thickness are taken into account. The proposed procedure for designing of steel rods exhibiting maximum compression resistance is effective and possible to use in engineering practice. The advantage of the proposed shape of the bar is that it allows to increase the value of its load carrying capacity, i.e. it ensures the transfer of a higher value of compressive force than similar, solid struts of the same mass and length. The extent of the increase in the load capacity relative to the load capacity of the reference solid, cylindrical bar depends on the slenderness of the reference bar and ranges from 60% to 170%. Due to this very beneficial fact, it can be used wherever it is required to maintain a certain stiffness and an increased value of compressive force is desired, as well as in constructions where it is necessary to reduce weight while maintaining the adopted mechanical parameters, e.g. values of load bearing capacity. Final results achieved in the research were presented in the form of the flow chart allowing to design the compressed columns of optimum shape.
Highlights
Designing of structural systems is based primarily on meeting specific strength conditions
The idea described above, which has been developed almost since antiquity can be found almost everywhere - new areas of light materials applications are being discovered, e.g. in household appliances, in the construction of machinery and equipment for virtually all branches of the economy, or in construction (Fig. 1) and in vehicle construction in the broad sense: in the automotive industry, weight minimization is of great importance (Fig. 2), because the total weight of the vehicle has a significant impact on fuel consumption, which translates into operating costs and indirectly affects the emission of harmful substances into the environment
The procedure for designing of steel rods exhibiting maximum compression resistance proposed in the work is effective and possible to use in engineering practice
Summary
Designing of structural systems is based primarily on meeting specific strength conditions. The idea described above, which has been developed almost since antiquity (cf [1, 4, 8,9,10, 20]) can be found almost everywhere - new areas of light materials applications are being discovered, e.g. in household appliances, in the construction of machinery and equipment for virtually all branches of the economy, or in construction (Fig. 1) and in vehicle construction in the broad sense: in the automotive industry, weight minimization is of great importance (Fig. 2), because the total weight of the vehicle has a significant impact on fuel consumption, which translates into operating costs and indirectly affects the emission of harmful substances into the environment Increasing requirements in this area determine the designers to constantly search for new, lighter materials and technical ways of joining them, as well as to shape the elements of the structure that would meet the above objectives. Compressed bars of the proposed shape can transfer forces up to 170% higher than the forces carried by solid cylindrical bars of the same mass treated in the procedure as reference bars ripening
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