Abstract
Some scientific inference tasks (including mass spectrum identification DerzdrczL, medical diagnosis Mycin , and math theory development AM ) have been successfully modelled as rule-directed search processes. These rule systems are designed quite differently from "pure production systems". By concentrating upon the design of one program (AM), we shall show how 13 kinds of design deviations arise from ( i ) the level of sophistication of the task that the system is designed to perform, ( ii ) the inherent nature of the task, and ( iii ) the designer's view of the task. The limitations of AM suggest even more radical departures from traditional rule system architecture. All these modifications are then collected into a new, complicated set of constraints on the form of the data structures, the rules, the interpreter, and the distribution of knowledge between rules and data structures. These new policies sacrifice uniformity in the interests of clarity, efficiency and power derivable from a thorough characterization of the task. Rule systems whose architectures conform to the new design principles will be more awkward for many tasks than would "pure" systems. Nevertheless, the new architecture should be significantly more powerful and natural for building rule systems that do scientific discovery tasks.
Highlights
Many of these early Al rule-based programs -- called "production systems" -- served as information processing models of humans performing cognitive tasks in several domains
Once a job is chosen from the agenda, AM gathers together all the potentially relevant heuristic rules -- the ones which might accomplish that job
Four sections indicate, the dynamic behavior of AM was as follows: a job is chosen from the agenda. potentially relevant rules are located by their position in the Genl/Spec lattice, their Is's are evaluated to find those which trigger, they are executed until they are all executed, and the cycle repeats
Summary
Approved for public reloase; distribution unlimited. L. ~Distrirb.puprtoveid ofonr public release Jetm~ialtod. 190-12 (7b). This work was supported in part by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (F44620-73-C-0074) and monitored by the Air Force Office of Scientific Roearch.
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