Abstract
The process of pretreatment of knitted fabrics for dyeing is the most important technological operation. As a result of the pretreatment, fabrics acquire capability to wet evenly, which contributes to the uniform putting of the solutions of dyes and other decoration substances. Based on the analysis of the washing and wetting capacity of different classes of surface active substances, we determined those preparations, which ensure the optimal capillary properties of knitted fabric. A mathematical model by the wetting and washing capacities was obtained by the method of mathematical planning of the experiment – the Scheffe’s simplex lattice plan of the second order. Based on the obtained results, the Authors carried out optimization of the models “compositionproperty” and determined the optimal formulation of the composition for pretreatment of cotton knitted fabric for dyeing, g/l: SAS1=3,40; SAS2=2,75; SAS3=0,90; SAS4=2,90. It was found that the application of the proposed composition of SAS of the concentration 1,2 g/l for the technology of pretreatment of knitted fabric leads to a significant increase in the capillarity of knitted fabric (by 3 times) and the degree of fixation of active dye (by 7,5 %).
Highlights
Knitwear industry is the largest sector of world production because knitted goods possess unique consumer properties.Important components of chemical-engineering process of the pretreatment of knitted fabric are textile auxiliaries (TA), whose application promotes the removal of oils, fats, waxlike substances and solid contaminants
It is necessary to determine the optimum formulation of the composition at the maximum value of the degree of removal of contamination: Тwash.→max, 0≤zi≤1
0,0117 0,3561 0,1413 0,3517 0,98 In Table 4, the values zi are presented in the form of pseudo-components, whose values are expanded to the entire diagram “composition-properties”, not in the local section, i. e., they vary in the range from zero to one
Summary
Knitwear industry is the largest sector of world production because knitted goods possess unique consumer properties.Important components of chemical-engineering process of the pretreatment of knitted fabric are textile auxiliaries (TA), whose application promotes the removal of oils, fats, waxlike substances and solid contaminants. Improvement in the quality of the produced goods in the process of preliminary pretreatment of knitted fabrics is connected to designing highly efficient technologies with the use of new composition TA on the base of different classes of SAS [3, 4]. The need to create such preparations is predetermined by complex physical-chemical character of the treated material and by multistage nature of the processes of its treatment. The formulation of such compositions include the components that are compatible with each other, which either act additively or synergistically at one stage of the process or they are activated at its different stages
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