Abstract
Technical and tactical actions are decisive in terms of badminton player competitive performance. The main objective of this research was to design, validate, and estimate the reliability of an observational instrument for the analysis of the tactical and technical actions in individual badminton. The process was carried out in four different steps: first, there was a review of the scientific literature and a preliminary list of variables was made; second, a qualitative and quantitative assessment was completed by 10 badminton expert judges; in the third step, the content validity was estimated using Aiken’s V coefficient; finally, intra-observer reliability and interobserver reliability were tested by two observers specialized in badminton using the Cohen’s Kappa coefficient and the intraclass correlation coefficient. Strokes were used as the unit of measure by our observational instrument; every time badminton players hit the shuttlecock, 22 variables (eight contextual variables, seven variables related to the result of the match, and seven variables related to the game) are observed. The minimum Aiken’s value was 0.58, and reliability was 0.63. In spite of these values, none of the variables had to be removed, but there were modifications in terms of drafting in some of them. The main findings confirmed the validity and the usefulness of this instrument.
Highlights
Nowadays, the observational methodology has become an essential tool that allows coaches to improve their training programs, athletes to make better technical tactical decisions, sports organizations to manage teams more effectively, and academic researchers to develop a better understanding of sports performance (O’Donoghue, 2014)
The design, validation, and testing of the reliability of the badminton observational instrument was completed in four stages
The first consisted of the observation instrument design that was a mixed category system and field format (Anguera and Hernández-Mendo, 2015; Anguera et al, 2018); the established categories were exhaustive and mutually exclusive (E/ME)
Summary
The observational methodology has become an essential tool that allows coaches to improve their training programs, athletes to make better technical tactical decisions, sports organizations to manage teams more effectively, and academic researchers to develop a better understanding of sports performance (O’Donoghue, 2014). With the objective of guaranteeing the quality of research, the observational methodology needs to validate reliable procedures with respect to the design of variables and categories (Lago Peñas et al, 2020). This requires the participation of coaches, experts, and observers in the entire validation process (Ortega et al, 2008a; Moreno and Gómez, 2017).
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