Design, Synthesis, Characterization and Application of BNPs@SiO2(CH2)3NH-CC-AMP-Pd (0) as a New Reusable Nano-Catalyst for Suzuki and Heck Cross-Coupling Reactions

Abstract

A simple and effective method was used for the successful preparation of the Boehmite@(CH2)3NH-CC-AMP-Pd (0) NPs as an environmentally friendly heterogeneous nano-catalyst. The synthesized nano-catalyst was well identified by different techniques like FT-IR, XRD, XPS, TEM, SEM, EDX, TGA, mapping, and ICP analysis. The BNPs@SiO2(CH2)3NH-CC-AMP-Pd was used as a recoverable nano-catalyst for Suzuki‐Miyaura and Mizoroki‐Heck coupling reactions under mild, green and sustainable conditions with excellent yields (H2O, EtOH as solvent for Suzuki reaction and solvent-free conditions for Heck reaction). Also, the distribution of palladium on the catalyst surface is uniform and the average palladium size is between 20 and 30 nm. Compared to similar works, this protocol has some of the important aspects such as: thermal and mechanical stability of the catalyst, low palladium leaching (9.7%), the simplicity of the preparation, the availability of raw materials, not expensive, no need for neutral atmosphere, appropriate times, green conditions, use low amount of catalyst (1.42 mol%) and reused catalyst for several consecutive times (at least seven times).