Design study of APS-U-type hybrid-MBA lattice for mid-energy DLSR

Abstract

In recent years, a new generation of storage ring-based light sources, known as diffraction-limited storage rings (DLSRs), whose emittance approaches the diffraction limit for the range of X-ray wavelengths of interest to the scientific community, has garnered significant attention worldwide. Researchers have begun to design and build DLSRs. Among various DLSR proposals, the hybrid multibend achromat (H-MBA) lattice enables sextupole strengths to be maintained at a reasonable level when minimizing the emittance; hence, it has been adopted in many DLSR designs. Based on the H-7BA lattice, the design of the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade Project (APS-U) can effectively reduce emittance by replacing six quadrupoles with anti-bends. Herein, we discuss the feasibility of designing an APS-U-type H-MBA lattice for the Southern Advanced Photon Source, a mid-energy DLSR light source with ultralow emittance that has been proposed to be built adjacent to the China Spallation Neutron Source. Both linear and nonlinear dynamics are optimized to obtain a detailed design of this type of lattice. The emittance is minimized, while a sufficiently large dynamic aperture (DA) and momentum acceptance (MA) are maintained. A design comprising 36 APS-U type H-7BAs, with an energy of 3 GeV and a circumference of 972 m, is achieved. The horizontal natural emittance is 20 pm·rad, with a horizontal DA of 5.8 mm, a vertical DA of 4.5 mm, and an MA of 4%, as well as a long longitudinal damping time of 120 ms. Subsequently, a few modifications are performed based on the APS-U-type lattice to reduce the maximum value of damping time from 120 to 44 ms while maintaining other performance parameters at the same level.