Design Strategies to Enhance Amidoxime Chelators for Uranium Recovery.

Abstract

To move nuclear as a primary energy source, uranium resources must be secured beyond what terrestrial reserves can provide. Given the vast quantity of uranium naturally found in the ocean, adsorbent materials have been investigated to recover this vital fuel source. Amidoxime (AO) has been found to be the state-of-the-art functional group for this purpose, however, improvements must still be made to overcome the issues with selectively capturing uranium at such a low concentration found in the ocean. Herein, we report PAF-1 as a platform to study the effects of two amidoxime ligands. The synthesized adsorbents, PAF-1-CH2NHAO and PAF-1-NH(CH2)2AO, with varying chain lengths and grafting degrees, were investigated for their uranium uptakes and kinetic efficiency. PAF-1-NH(CH2)2AO was found to outperform PAF-1-CH2NHAO, with a maximum uptake capacity of 385 mg/g and able to reduce a uranium-spiked solution to ppb level within 10 min. Further studies with PAF-1-NH(CH2)2AO demonstrated effective elution for multiple adsorption cycles and showed promising results for uranium recovery in the diverse composition of a spiked seawater solution. The work presented here moves forward design principles for amidoxime-functionalized ligands and provides scope for strategies to enhance the capture of uranium as a sustainable nuclear fuel source.