Design Simulation of Circular Photonic Crystal Structures for the Development of Biomedical Sensor Based on Finite Difference Method

Abstract

Optical analysis of a circular photonic crystal structure consisting of a metal-dielectric layer and a defect layer sandwiched between two dielectric layers has been carried out using the Finite Difference Frequency Domain (FDFD) method and the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method. The FDTD method can describe the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the structure at any time, while the FDFD method can describe the characteristics of the wave interaction with the structure in a steady state. We observed strong resonances at certain wavelengths when using three different dielectric materials: , , and . The simulation results show a change in the resonance peak in the sensing material in the form of normal blood and blood-containing glucose in the defect layer for concentration: . The use of three different dielectric materials produces different sensitivity values. The highest sensitivity value when using material that produces a sensitivity value of at the refractive index intervals . The simulation results can be used to build biomedical sensors that measure blood sugar levels.