Design, simulation, and optimization of optical full-adder based on Mach–Zehnder interference

Abstract

The rapid pace of data growth and the need for its transmission have increased the need for optical communications. For this reason, the growing need for optical telecommunications as one of the sub-sectors of telecommunications is increasing. Therefore, many studies and research have been done for the construction, improvement, and optimization of telecommunication devices. In optical telecommunications, the volume of data is high and the speed of information transfer is much higher than in other types of telecommunications. In this paper, the optical full-adder structure based on Mach–Zehnder interference (MZI) is designed and optimized. The components of the structure including waveguides, modal expansion, and the principles of mode Coupling, in waveguides, are introduced and studied. Finally, with the help of Opti-BPM software is designed, simulated, and optimized. This tool is usually designed and implemented using Mach–Zehnder interferometers. MZI are designed and fabricated using the optoelectric properties of lithium material, whose refractive index changes with the application of voltage. All designed optical full-adder had a lower MZI number than previous works, each MZI had smaller dimensions and its output intensity for all modes 1 is equal. The footprint of the proposed device is 172000μm×500μm, which is better than all previous full-adder devices.