Abstract
Breakwaters are used to suppress the energy of waves for providing shelter to coastal and offshore facilities. Very often, the conventional rubble mound breakwaters result in high construction cost and several environmental problems, such as water contamination and wave amplification in front of the structures due to severe wave reflection. One way to alleviate the above-mentioned problem is to appropriately increase the porosity of the breakwaters. This paper aims at developing the optimum design of a porous box-type breakwater comprising multiple scrapped pipelines via physical modelling approach. Herein, the best geometrical design of the breakwater under the governing factors of porosity, width and internal tube length is proposed. A series of experiments have been conducted under the influence of regular wave environment through the analysis of wave transmission, reflection and energy loss. Several geometrical design criteria were derived to maximize the hydraulic performance of the breakwater, when adopted at sites. The proposed breakwater is a reasonably good wave attenuator and anti-reflection structure as well as an effective energy dissipator.
Highlights
Coastal protection has developed over time with conventional breakwaters having high reliability and efficiency in wave dissipation
Porous breakwater structures are usually placed at the surface where wave energy is concentrated effectively destructing wave energy with reduced impacts to water circulation and longshore transport due to allowance for water circulations below and around the structure
Breakwaters with pipe-like geometry have been studied previously by Shih [2]. He studied on highly pervious pipe breakwaters with unique arrangements of pipes resulting in high wave energy dissipation by the structure
Summary
Coastal protection has developed over time with conventional breakwaters having high reliability and efficiency in wave dissipation. Scrap pipelines from the decommissioning of oil and gas industry have a tubular geometry and high material strength which is feasible for the construction of breakwaters. The availability of these resources close to the coastlines reduces need for logistics of materials to locations of breakwater construction. Breakwaters with pipe-like geometry have been studied previously by Shih [2] He studied on highly pervious pipe breakwaters with unique arrangements of pipes resulting in high wave energy dissipation by the structure. The proposed porous box-type breakwater inculcates the above-mentioned pipe-like geometry in the structure and will be analyzed based wave energy reflection, transmission and loss with variations in porosity, tube length and internal gap of the structure. The proposed breakwater is regarded as a sustainable structure providing a certain degree of wave protection to the coastal facilities
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