Design of Ultra-Small Metallic-Semiconductor Nano-Ring Cavity Lasers

Abstract

We present design and analysis of metallic-semiconductor nanoring laser lasing at around 1450 nm wavelength, utilizing a body-of-revolution finite-difference-time-domain (BOR-FDTD) simulation incorporated with a semiclassical multilevel model for semiconductor gain medium and the Drude-Lorentz model for metal, which is developed for efficient simulation of disk/ring plasmonic laser. As compared to other literature, our nanoring laser works in radial mode with resonance cycle, <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</i> =1, which could facilitate potential in-plane out-coupling, and is wafer bonded onto Si platform for potential electronic-photonic integration. The total footprint, the physical device volume, and the effective mode volume of the nanolaser are only about 0.038 μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , 1.1(λ/2 <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</i> ) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> , and 0.001(λ/2 <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</i> ) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> , respectively, where <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</i> is the average refractive index of the gain medium. To the best of our knowledge, our nanolaser is the smallest reported to date.