Design of Tundish Ladle Refractories Used by Železiarne Podbrezová Based on Products from Žiaromat

Abstract

This article describes the innovative design of tundish ladles using refractory products manufactured by Žiaromat a.s. Work on tundish ladle solutions was proposed and realised after 2004, when Žiaromat a.s. was acquired by Železiarne Podbrezova a.s. The acquisition led to innovation and development of new refractory products for tundish linings and their component unit modules. Tundish linings have continuously evolved at the company since 2004, leading to their current form. The permanent lining uses self-flowing low cement castable. Gunning castable is used for repairs. The working tundish lining is created with sprayed mix. High demands are placed on the properties of working linings because they affect not only the operating life of the permanent lining, but also a number of other factors, including heat loss and the micro-purity of cast steel. The current tundish ladle solutions also use castable prefabricates for impact pad, skimmer block and upper and lower nozzles, and fast hardening mastic for joining refractory materials.