Design of sustainable multi-source power systems using lithium batteries

Abstract

This paper introduces a novel configuration by integrating the lithium battery technology (Lithium Iron Phosphate) in the Multi-Source Power Systems in order to optimize the global cost of a hybrid installation, and to protect the environment. In addition, the developments and evaluations of the performance of the battery bank used in the Multi-Source Power System are highlighted. Thus, a lifetime comparison between Lithium Iron Phosphate and lead-acid batteries over twenty-five years has been performed. Moreover, the aging rate of the battery banks has been calculated based on a dynamic simulation model developed in Matlab-Simulink with a real meteorological database and a consumption profile of one year. By using the sensitivity analysis the optimal configuration of the hybrid power system is defined. In order to evaluate the variation of the battery aging rate, mathematical models describing the cycle number in function of Depth-of-Discharge are considered. The obtained simulation results based on the mathematical models show that the aging rate of the lead-acid batteries is at least ten times more than Lithium Iron Phosphate batteries. In fact, one pack of lithium battery can support a consumption load profile over twenty-five years without any replacement. However, the use of lead-acid battery requires up to 7 replacements with high maintenance costs.