Abstract
During the course of ubiquitous data monitoring in the underwater environment, achieving sustainable communication links among the sensor nodes with astute link quality seems an ordeal challenge. Energy utilization has a direct impact because all active devices are battery dependent and no charging or replacement actions can be made when cost- effective data packet delivery has been set as the benchmark. Hop link inspection and the selection of a Shrewd link through a resurrecting link factor have been nothing short of a bleak challenge, and only possible after meticulous research to develop a shrewd underwater routing synergy using extra porous energy shells (SURS-PES) which has never been conducted before. After broadcasting packets, the sensor node conducts a link inspection phase, thereby, if any link is found to be less than or equal to 50% shaky, the destination receiving node adds its residual energy status and returns it to the source node which adds some unusable energy porous shell to strengthen the link from 5% to a maximum of 90% and sends it only to the targeted node, therefore, an unaltered data packet delivery is anticipated. Performance evaluation was carried out using an NS2 simulator and the obtained results were compared with depth-based routing (DBR) and energy efficient DBR (EEDBR) to observe the outcomes with results that confirmed the previously mentioned direction for research in this area.
Highlights
The underwater ocean environment continues to bewilder us and remains nothing short of capricious to all. Desired transmission mediums, such as radio and optical signals, are not well suited for underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) because radio waves are prone to be highly absorbed in water, while attenuation is another fistula
Transmission related to depth-based routing (DBR) and efficient DBR (EEDBR) became fragile for such long time and produced useless output
Comprehensive results are obtained in terms of point-to-point impediment, packet turnout frequency, network lifespan, and energy diminution, which were never expected through traditional routing schemes
Summary
The underwater ocean environment continues to bewilder us and remains nothing short of capricious to all. Desired transmission mediums, such as radio and optical signals, are not well suited for underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) because radio waves are prone to be highly absorbed in water, while attenuation is another fistula. To continue propagation of long distance signals with low frequencies, the operation of radio waves demands huge shape antennas and higher transmission power [1], while optical signals require higher precision for pointing the narrow laser beam but scattering makes it vulnerable [2]. Researchers have been working to design a proficient routing mechanism that would generate the desired output in this regard, and they have developed many energy efficient routing protocols
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