Design of Planar Transformers for LLC Converters in High Power Density On-Board Chargers for Electric Vehicles

Abstract

This article presents a planar transformer design and optimization method for high power density on-board chargers (OBCs) utilized in electric vehicles (EVs). Owing to considerations of electrical safety, OBCs require an isolated converter, leading to a substantial increase in volume due to the inclusion of a transformer. To address this issue and achieve high power density, a planar transformer is used, and an optimized design method is proposed for pattern arrangement, width, and core shape. The feasibility of the design is verified through the development of a 3.3 kW OBC prototype. Consequently, when compared to conventional transformers, the design method in this article results in a 27% reduction in the transformer’s height and a 20% reduction in its overall volume. This reduction is advantageous for meeting the requirements of high power density OBCs.