Abstract
To improve the transmission performance and preparation of a transducer array, two planar array transducers based on connected 1–3 piezoelectric composites as a matrix were designed. Each transducer contained 25 array elements with a gap of 1 mm between them. The length, width and height of each array element were 1 mm, 26 mm and 5 mm, respectively. Two kinds of array transducers were tested through finite element simulation and experiments. The array transducer prototype was fabricated based on two kinds of composite materials, and the fabrication cycle was short. Our results show that the maximum transmission voltage response of the two-phase 1–3 full array driver is up to 179 dB at 200–400 kHz and the acoustic radiation intensity can be increased by up to 22% compared with the traditional splicing transducer array. It is suitable for short-range target positioning and measurement. Moreover, in the single element mode, the beam of the three-phase 1–3 transducer has no sidelobe and a single element −3 dB beam width of up to 91°. Furthermore, the beam width of the two-phase 1–3 type is 54°, and the acoustic radiation breadth is improved by 40.6%. The three-phase 1–3 type array transducer has the characteristics of concentrated acoustic transmission energy of the whole array, and its −3 dB beam width is 3.5°. The beam width decreased by 12.5%, indicating that the three-phase 1–3 type transducer is suitable for short-range target detection and perception. The two array transducers have their own advantages in transmitting the voltage response and beam width, which must be selected on the basis of the requirements of practical applications.
Highlights
Ultrasonic transducers are widely used in underwater acoustics [1] and exist in the form of arrays comprising multiple transducer elements
Comparing the response curves of the two materials, we find that the fluctuation degree of the transmitting voltage response of the two-phase array element is slightly higher than that of the three-phase type
Two planar array transducers were designed on the basis of 1–3 connected piezoelectric composites
Summary
Ultrasonic transducers are widely used in underwater acoustics [1] and exist in the form of arrays comprising multiple transducer elements. Using transducers in this way can improve the precision and accuracy of underwater acoustic detection [2]. Transducer array technology was initially applied by the military [3,4]. Acoustic homing torpedoes realize electroacoustic signal conversion through a torpedo head transducer array and guide the torpedo toward its target. Transducer array technology has been widely used in underwater detection [4], nondestructive testing [5,6], and other fields. The element diameter of the array was 100 mm, and the beam opening angle could reach 150◦ , but this transducer’s working bandwidth was extremely low, only roughly
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