Abstract
A Sagnac interferometer constructed in a two-dimensional photonic crystal (2D PhC) has been proposed and demonstrated theoretically. The perfect 2D PhC consists of square-lattice cylindric air holes in silicon. The interferometer includes three total reflection mirrors PhC mirrors and a defect row splitter. Lights propagate between them employing self-collimation effect. The equi-frequency contours (EFCs) of two-dimensional photonic crystals are calculated by using the plane-wave expansion (PWE) method, and interference properties are investigated by using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The results show that the transmission spectra at output port is in the shape of sinusoidal curves and have a uniform peak spacing 0.00176c/a in the frequency range from 0.26c/a to 0.27c/a. For the operating wavelength around 1550nm, the dimensions of this interferometer are only tens of microns. The features of the proposed interferometer make it a promising candidate in optical communication application.
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