Design of Optimal PID Controller for Magnetic Levitation System Using Linear Quadratic Regulator Approach

Abstract

this paper presents a proposal of the magnetic levitation (Maglev) ball system by using an optimal PID position controller. The optimal PID controller is achieved to keep a steel ball hanged in the air in the desired position with relation to the electromagnet bottom end. The optimal PID controller is to keep the balance between the magnetic force and the ball's weight. Where the Linear Quadratic Regulator optimal approach is used to place the desired close loop in an optimal sense. In this paper, complete mathematical models of the mechanical, electrical, and magnetic suspension systems that take the Maglev model are presented with the important linearization of the Maglev nonlinear model. The design and simulations are used with Matlab/Simulink model package. This paper is presented very good results with the stability, overshoot, and strong response Results show that this optimal control approach can stabilize the position of the ball and has strong disturbance rejection.