Abstract
Optical logic gates are elementary components for optical network and optical computing. In this paper, we propose a structure for AND, NAND, XNOR and NOR logic gates in the two dimensional photonic crystal which utilizes the dispersion based self-collimation effect. The self-collimated beam is splitted by the line defect and interfered with other self-collimated beam. This interference may be constructive or destructive based on their phase difference. This phenomenon is employed to realize all-optical logic gates. The gates are demonstrated numerically by computing electromagnetic field distribution using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. The results ensure that this design can function as AND, NAND, XNOR and NOR logic gates. The size of the structure is about 10 μm × 10 μm which in turn results in an increase in the speed and all the gates are realized in the same configuration. The ON-OFF contrast ratio is about 6 dB.
Highlights
The development of the all-optical technology is vital to realize the future telecommunication network and optical computer, where all the functions could be carried out in the optical domain
We propose a structure for AND, NAND, XNOR and NOR logic gates in the two dimensional photonic crystal which utilizes the dispersion based self-collimation effect
We propose other logic gates AND, NAND, XNOR, and NOR by applying the reference signal along with input signals with the same wavelength
Summary
The development of the all-optical technology is vital to realize the future telecommunication network and optical computer, where all the functions could be carried out in the optical domain. Photonic crystal (PhC) structures have been extensively studied recently because of their unique properties such as compactness, high speed, low power consumption, better confinement and the promise in photonic integrated circuits [15, 16]. Logic functions based on the photonic crystal can be realized by nonlinear effects [17], ring resonator [18], and multimode interference [19]. In our previous work [20], OR and XOR logic functions were realized by applying only two input signals.
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