Abstract
In the study, a miniaturised printed quadrifilar helix antenna (PQHA) with isoflux coverage and wide-angle circular polarisation is presented. It is composed of a three-stage stepped impedance spiral arm and open stubs. Each of the three-stage spiral arms has different pitches and number of turns. For the last-stage spiral arm, meander lines are used. The proposed PQHA features the characteristics of wide bandwidth, isoflux radiation, small size, and wide-angle circular polarisation. Moreover, in order to feed the proposed PQHA, a miniaturised quad-feed network is designed to provide equal amplitude signals with sequential orthogonal phases. For demonstration, a prototype is designed, fabricated, and measured. The overall size of the proposed antenna is 88 × 88 × 132 mm (0.44 λ0 × 0.44 λ0 × 0.66 λ0). The results show that isoflux radiation with a coverage of about ±60° is realised from 1.40 to 1.62 GHz (14.6%) while maintaining more than 10 dB return loss and larger than 200° 3-dB axial ratio beamwidth.
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