Abstract
We proposed a compact design of an optical biochemical sensor based on the Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI), which was coupled by a ring resonator (RR) as a sensing tool. The sensor sensitivity has been determined by power difference at the output ports. The sensor enhancement has been optimized by numerically evaluating the geometrical parameters of the MZI and RR. A great sensor sensitivity depicted by Fano resonance characteristic has been demonstrated as a function of the round trip phase in the range of 4×10−4 − 4×10−4, which was changed by the presence of the sample solution in the sensing area. This optimum sensitivity has been obtained for the values of two coupling coefficients of the MZI κ 1 = κ 2 = 0.5/mm and the coupling coefficient between the MZI arm and RR κ R = 0.5/mm. Furthermore, a good profile of sensitivity exchange has been exhibited by inducing the direct current voltage to the coupling region of κ R . Finally, the output power transmission of the ring-coupled arm was depicted as a function of tunable κ R .
Highlights
The development of the optical waveguide for the biosensing application has greatly expanded
Many optical sensors were developed based on the fiber optic sensor (FOS), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), photonic wire (PW), Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI), and ring resonator (RR) [3]
We propose a simple design of the unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer attached by the ring resonator with an adjustable coupling between the MZI and RR based on the sensor configuration
Summary
The development of the optical waveguide for the biosensing application has greatly expanded. Since it works based on real-time measurement, which has no electrical interference, it promises a wide range of the research application such as for bio medic, health care, pharmaceutical, security, and military defence. In the past two decades, many researchers have focused on the experimental and theoretical studies of the optical waveguide application for biochemical sensing. The gold properties of the optical waveguide have been shown as a function of effective refractive index change due to evanescence and fluorescence fields when it interacts with the sample [1, 2]. A chemical sensing was designed by coupled slot silicon on insulator (SOI) waveguides. The sensor performance was numerically calculated based on the principle of the
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