Abstract
Microgrid construction is promoted globally to solve the problems of energy inequality in island regions and the use of fossil fuels. In the application of a microgrid system, it is important to calculate the capacities of renewable energy sources and storage systems (ESSs) to ensure economic feasibility. In some microgrids that have recently had environmental challenges, there are island regions where the policy is to consider both the installation of the microgrid system and the supplement of electric vehicles (EV). However, an EV load pattern that does not match the solar radiation pattern may increase the required ESS capacity. Therefore, in this study, we designed and analyzed a method for reducing the microgrid system cost using a controllable EV charging load without the requirements of vehicle-to-grid technology and real-time pricing. The power system operations at similar capacities of photovoltaic and ESS were shown by applying EV charging control steps in 10% increments to analyze the effect of EV charging demand control on the microgrid. As a result of the proposed simulation, the amount of renewable power generation increased by 2.8 GWh over 20 years only by moving the charging load under the same conditions. This is an effect that can reduce CO2 by about 2.1 kTon.
Highlights
The installation of microgrids has been promoted worldwide to concurrently solve the issues of energy inequality and environmental challenges [1,2,3]
For islands that are sensitive to environmental issues, such as nature heritages, both microgrids and electric vehicles (EVs) can be considered simultaneously in order to achieve zero fossil fuel use [4]
Most islands do not have factory loads; the total load is higher in the evening than the daytime, and EV charging loads tend to be higher in the evening depending on the consumer’s lifestyle
Summary
The installation of microgrids has been promoted worldwide to concurrently solve the issues of energy inequality and environmental challenges [1,2,3]. These load patterns significantly reduce the peak contribution of photovoltaic (PV) power generation and may require a larger energy storage system (ESS) for microgrids. There are various studies in which EV charging load and microgrids are connected. Fan Wu et al proposed a method to minimize operating costs through optimal scheduling of the microgrid-type electric vehicle rapid charger [5].
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