Abstract
Green sustainable chemistry, achievable via careful catalyst design, minimizes waste generation and energy/material consumption, reducing risks, hazards, and costs. Apatites exhibit unique characteristics and are utilized to design high-performance heterogeneous metal catalysts featuring both monomeric surface metal complexes and metal nanoparticles on the apatite surface as macroligands. This approach, relying on well-defined active metal species on the apatite surface, corresponds to the “bone-supported catalyst” design concept and produces high-performance catalysts for liquid-phase organic syntheses: e.g., selective oxidations, hydrogenations/hydrogenolysis, carbon–carbon bond formations, and CO2 fixation.
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