Design of Generalized Sinusoidal Frequency Modulated Pulse Train Waveform to Improve Tracking Performance of High Duty Cycle Sonar Systems

Abstract

High duty cycle sonar (HDCS) systems have a high potential for improving tracking performance compared to conventional pulsed active sonar systems, but their implementation has been challenging to achieve. This is because conventional studies had focused primarily on solving direct blast interference problems caused by continuous transmission and reception of pulse train waveforms. In this paper, we propose a design scheme for a generalized sinusoidal frequency modulated (GSFM) pulse train waveform to improve HDCS tracking performance. The proposed optimization scheme utilizes the trade-off relationship between detection performance in a reverberation environment and measurement uncertainty according to the parameter ρ of the GSFM waveform. The detection probability and measurement noise covariance matrix of the Kalman filter are calculated using the HCDS tracking framework, which reflects the designed GSFM pulse train waveform in the tracking process. The simulation using the HDCS tracking framework demonstrated that optimal tracking performance was obtained when the parameter ρ was 1.07.