Abstract
Objectives/Method: An innovative fractal shape of Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structure is proposed in this study which has dual bandgap.The proposed frequency reconfigurable antenna is integrated with the EBG structure to improve performance parameters. CST Microwave Studio Software is used for simulation. The proposed EBG has dual bandgap S-band (2 GHz to4 GHz) and X-band (8 GHz to 10 GHz). The proposed reconfigurable antenna operates at frequencies one in S-band and another in X-band. PIN diode is used to change the structure of the antenna so that it can operate at two different frequencies (2.67 GHz and 8.8 GHz). Simulated and measured results are compared. Findings: When PIN diode is ON, antenna operates at 2.67 GHz and at 8.7 GHz when PIN diode is OFF. Since antenna is integrated with the proposed EBG structure, gain and bandwidth of the antenna is increased with EBG structure as compared to without EBG structure at both frequencies.Simulated and measured results are compared and found good agreement.Applications of this antenna are radar applications, satellite communication,microwave applications, space applications. Novelty: It is observed that most of the antennas are designed with either EBG structure for improvement in parameters or are designed as reconfigurable antennas to operate at different frequency bands. In the proposed design, reconfigurable antenna is designed along with EBG structure which gives: • Compact structure • Improvement in parameter viz gain, bandwidth for all frequencies. Keywords: Electromagnetic band gap; reconfigurable antenna; frequency bands; dual band; dispersion diagram
Highlights
Recent trends are in development of multiband antennas, wideband antennas and reconfigurable antennas
5.1 Fabricated antenna Antennas without and with dual band Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structure are fabricated as shown in Figure 8 (a)
5.2 Results in X band without EBG Measured and simulated S11 parameter and Radiation Pattern for without EBG in X band are shown in Figure 9(a) and Figure 9(b) respectively
Summary
Recent trends are in development of multiband antennas, wideband antennas and reconfigurable antennas. Reconfigurable antenna has advantage of compactness and flexibility. The radiating element which has ability to radiate more than one pattern at different frequencies and polarization by changing its design is known as reconfigurable antenna[1]. There are various techniques to design reconfigurable antenna. These techniques are: electrically reconfigurable antenna, optically reconfigurable antenna, physically reconfigurable antenna and changing structure of smart materials. PIN diodes, RF MEMS are components used as a switch to design frequency reconfigurable antenna
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