Abstract
With the increasing demand for energy, fracturing technology is widely used in oilfield operations over the last decades. Typically, fracturing fluids contain various additives such as cross linkers, thickeners and proppants, and so forth, which makes it possess the properties of considerably complicated components and difficult processing procedure. There are still some difficult points needing to be explored and resolved in the hydroxypropyl guar gum (HPG) removal process, e.g., high viscosity and removal of macromolecular organic compounds. Our works provided a facile and economical HPG removal technology for fracturing fluids by designing a series of processes including gel-breaking, coagulation and precipitation according to the diffusion double layer theory. After this treatment process, the fracturing fluid can meet the requirements of reinjection, and the whole process was environment friendly without secondary pollution characteristics. In this work, the fracturing fluid were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy technologies, etc. Further, the micro-stabilization and destabilization mechanisms of HPG in fracturing fluid were carefully investigated. This study maybe opens up new perspective for HPG removal technologies, exhibiting a low cost and strong applicability in both fundamental research and practical applications.
Highlights
With the increasing demands of modern industries, energy issues has always been a great concern to humankind [1,2,3,4]
hydroxypropyl guar gum (HPG) is modified on the basis of guar gum by nucleophilic substitution reaction to introduce polar hydroxypropyl with hydrophilicity, which is usually added to the fracturing fluids and widely used in practical engineering [31]
The surface morphologies of the original fracturing fluid were characterized by FE-scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
Summary
With the increasing demands of modern industries, energy issues has always been a great concern to humankind [1,2,3,4]. HPG is modified on the basis of guar gum by nucleophilic substitution reaction to introduce polar hydroxypropyl with hydrophilicity, which is usually added to the fracturing fluids and widely used in practical engineering [31]. Polymers, including polyacrylamide (PAM) or polyacrylate polymers, increased the viscosity of wastewater and enhanced the difficulty of analyzing related characteristics in high-salt complex water environment In this sense, research on the micro-stabilization mechanism and destabilization technology of HPG is crucial to the treatment of fracturing fluid. Design of facile technology for the efficient removal of hydroxypropyl guar gum we designed a facile and efficient technology of "gel-breaking, coagulation, precipitation" for effective treatment of fracturing fluids This novel approach without any further modification and tedious steps, avoiding the complex process involving in the advanced oxidation process or microbiological method and so on. We believe that the facile and economical method has excellent potential in practical oilfield application and provided it candidate for comprehensive applicability
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